Pages: 2489-2489 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12349 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 2490-2490 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12350 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 2491-2492 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12348 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 2493-2544 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12404 | Cited by: 109
JAROSLAV BOROVIČKA, LARS PETER HANSEN, JOSÉ A. SCHEINKMAN
Asset prices contain information about the probability distribution of future states and the stochastic discounting of those states as used by investors. To better understand the challenge in distinguishing investors' beliefs from risk‐adjusted discounting, we use Perron–Frobenius Theory to isolate a positive martingale component of the stochastic discount factor process. This component recovers a probability measure that absorbs long‐term risk adjustments. When the martingale is not degenerate, surmising that this recovered probability captures investors' beliefs distorts inference about risk‐return tradeoffs. Stochastic discount factors in many structural models of asset prices have empirically relevant martingale components.
Do Creditor Rights Increase Employment Risk? Evidence from Loan Covenants
Pages: 2545-2590 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12435 | Cited by: 184
ANTONIO FALATO, NELLIE LIANG
Using a regression discontinuity design, we provide evidence that there are sharp and substantial employment cuts following loan covenant violations, when creditors gain rights to accelerate, restructure, or terminate a loan. The cuts are larger at firms with higher financing frictions and with weaker employee bargaining power, and during industry and macroeconomic downturns, when employees have fewer job opportunities. Union elections that create new labor bargaining units lead to higher loan spreads, consistent with creditors requiring compensation when employees gain bargaining power. Overall, binding financial contracts have a large impact on employees and are an amplification mechanism of economic downturns.
Corporate Scandals and Household Stock Market Participation
Pages: 2591-2636 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12399 | Cited by: 238
MARIASSUNTA GIANNETTI, TRACY YUE WANG
We show that, after the revelation of corporate fraud in a state, household stock market participation in that state decreases. Households decrease holdings in fraudulent as well as nonfraudulent firms, even if they do not hold stocks in fraudulent firms. Within a state, households with more lifetime experience of corporate fraud hold less equity. Following the exogenous increase in fraud revelation due to Arthur Andersen's demise, states with more Arthur Andersen clients experience a larger decrease in stock market participation. We provide evidence that the documented effect is likely to reflect a loss of trust in the stock market.
Credit Rationing, Income Exaggeration, and Adverse Selection in the Mortgage Market
Pages: 2637-2686 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12426 | Cited by: 55
BRENT W. AMBROSE, JAMES CONKLIN, JIRO YOSHIDA
We examine the role of borrower concerns about future credit availability in mitigating the effects of adverse selection and income misrepresentation in the mortgage market. We show that the majority of additional risk associated with “low‐doc” mortgages originated prior to the Great Recession was due to adverse selection on the part of borrowers who could verify income but chose not to. We provide novel evidence that these borrowers were more likely to inflate or exaggerate their income. Our analysis suggests that recent regulatory changes that have essentially eliminated the low‐doc loan product would result in credit rationing against self‐employed borrowers.
A Tale of Two Runs: Depositor Responses to Bank Solvency Risk
Pages: 2687-2726 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12424 | Cited by: 110
RAJKAMAL IYER, MANJU PURI, NICHOLAS RYAN
We examine heterogeneity in depositor responses to solvency risk using depositor‐level data for a bank that faced two different runs. We find that depositors with loans and bank staff are less likely to run than others during a low‐solvency‐risk shock, but are more likely to run during a high‐solvency‐risk shock. Uninsured depositors are also sensitive to bank solvency. In contrast, depositors with older accounts run less, and those with frequent past transactions run more, irrespective of the underlying risk. Our results show that the fragility of a bank depends on the composition of its deposit base.
Pages: 2727-2780 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12392 | Cited by: 36
ELENA ASPAROUHOVA, PETER BOSSAERTS, NILANJAN ROY, WILLIAM ZAME
We study the Lucas asset pricing model in a controlled setting. Participants trade two long‐lived securities in a continuous open‐book system. The experimental design emulates the stationary, infinite‐horizon setting of the model and incentivizes participants to smooth consumption across periods. Consistent with the model, prices align with consumption betas and comove with aggregate dividends, particularly so when risk premia are higher. Trading significantly increases consumption smoothing compared to autarky. Nevertheless, as in field markets, prices are excessively volatile. The noise corrupts traditional generalized method of moment tests. Choices display substantial heterogeneity, with no subject representative for pricing.
Compensating Financial Experts
Pages: 2781-2808 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12372 | Cited by: 32
VINCENT GLODE, RICHARD LOWERY
We propose a labor market model in which financial firms compete for a scarce supply of workers who can be employed as either bankers or traders. While hiring bankers helps create a surplus that can be split between a firm and its trading counterparties, hiring traders helps the firm appropriate a greater share of that surplus away from its counterparties. Firms bid defensively for workers bound to become traders, who then earn more than bankers. As counterparties employ more traders, the benefit of employing bankers decreases. The model sheds light on the historical evolution of compensation in finance.
Learning about Mutual Fund Managers
Pages: 2809-2860 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12405 | Cited by: 47
DARWIN CHOI, BIGE KAHRAMAN, ABHIROOP MUKHERJEE
We study capital allocations to managers with two mutual funds, and show that investors learn about managers from their performance records. Flows into a fund are predicted by the manager's performance in his other fund, especially when he outperforms and when signals from the other fund are more useful. In equilibrium, capital should be allocated such that there is no cross‐fund predictability. However, we find positive predictability, particularly among underperforming funds. Our results are consistent with incomplete learning: while investors move capital in the right direction, they do not withdraw enough capital when the manager underperforms in his other fund.
Valuation Risk and Asset Pricing
Pages: 2861-2904 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12437 | Cited by: 109
RUI ALBUQUERQUE, MARTIN EICHENBAUM, VICTOR XI LUO, SERGIO REBELO
Standard representative‐agent models fail to account for the weak correlation between stock returns and measurable fundamentals, such as consumption and output growth. This failing, which underlies virtually all modern asset pricing puzzles, arises because these models load all uncertainty onto the supply side of the economy. We propose a simple theory of asset pricing in which demand shocks play a central role. These shocks give rise to valuation risk that allows the model to account for key asset pricing moments, such as the equity premium, the bond term premium, and the weak correlation between stock returns and fundamentals.
Behind the Scenes: The Corporate Governance Preferences of Institutional Investors
Pages: 2905-2932 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12393 | Cited by: 799
JOSEPH A. McCAHERY, ZACHARIAS SAUTNER, LAURA T. STARKS
We survey institutional investors to better understand their role in the corporate governance of firms. Consistent with a number of theories, we document widespread behind‐the‐scenes intervention as well as governance‐motivated exit. These governance mechanisms are viewed as complementary devices, with intervention typically occurring prior to a potential exit. We further find that long‐term investors and investors that are less concerned about stock liquidity intervene more intensively. Finally, we find that most investors use proxy advisors and believe that the information provided by such advisors improves their own voting decisions.
Ties That Bind: How Business Connections Affect Mutual Fund Activism
Pages: 2933-2966 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12425 | Cited by: 118
DRAGANA CVIJANOVIĆ, AMIL DASGUPTA, KONSTANTINOS E. ZACHARIADIS
We investigate whether business ties with portfolio firms influence mutual funds' proxy voting using a comprehensive data set spanning 2003 to 2011. In contrast to prior literature, we find that business ties significantly influence promanagement voting at the level of individual pairs of fund families and firms after controlling for Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) recommendations and holdings. The association is significant only for shareholder‐sponsored proposals and stronger for those that pass or fail by relatively narrow margins. Our findings are consistent with a demand‐driven model of biased voting in which company managers use existing business ties with funds to influence how they vote.
Infrequent Rebalancing, Return Autocorrelation, and Seasonality
Pages: 2967-3006 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12436 | Cited by: 98
VINCENT BOGOUSSLAVSKY
A model of infrequent rebalancing can explain specific predictability patterns in the time series and cross‐section of stock returns. First, infrequent rebalancing produces return autocorrelations that are consistent with empirical evidence from intraday returns and new evidence from daily returns. Autocorrelations can switch sign and become positive at the rebalancing horizon. Second, the cross‐sectional variance in expected returns is larger when more traders rebalance. This effect generates seasonality in the cross‐section of stock returns, which can help explain available empirical evidence.
Pages: 3016-3060 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12476 | Cited by: 0
Participant Schedule Report articipants in the AFA 2017 Chicago Meetings January 6–8, 2017
Pages: 3061-3120 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12479 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 3121-3121 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12477 | Cited by: 0
Peter DeMarzo
Issue Information ‐ Seeking Permission
Pages: 3122-3122 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12354 | Cited by: 0
Issue Information ‐ Style Instuctions
Pages: 3123-3123 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12351 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 3124-3124 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12352 | Cited by: 0
Pages: 3125-3125 | Published: 11/2016 | DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12353 | Cited by: 0